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About Archive





An archive refers to a collection of historical records, and also refers to the location in which these records are kept.

Archives are made up of records (AKA [primary source] documents) which have been accumulated over the course of an individual or organization's lifetime. For example, the archives of an individual may contain letters, papers, photographs, computer files, scrapbooks, financial records, diaries or any other kind of documentary materials created or collected by the individual--regardless of media or format. The archives of an organization (such as a [corporation] or [government]), on the other hand, tend to contain different types of records, such as administrative files, business records, memos, official correspondence, meeting minutes, and so on.

In general, archives of any individual or organization consist of records which have been especially selected for permanent or long-term preservation, due to their enduring research value. Archival records are normally unpublished and almost always unique, unlike [book]s or magazines, in which many identical copies exist. This means that archives (the places) are quite distinct from [libraries] with regard to their functions and organization, although archival collections can often be found within library buildings.

Archives are sometimes described as information generated as the "by-product" of normal human activities, while libraries hold specifically authored information "products".

A person who works in archives is called an [archivist]. The study and practice of organizing, preserving, and providing access to information and materials in archives is called [archival science].

Archivists tend to prefer the term 'archives' (with an S) as the correct terminology to serve as both the singular and plural, since 'archive,' as a noun or a verb, has meanings related to computer science.

Archive Users and Institutions [Historian]s, [genealogist]s, [lawyer]s, [demographer]s, and others conduct [research] at archives. The research process at each archive is unique, and depends upon the institution in which the archive is housed. While there are many different kinds of archives, the most recent census of archivists in the United States identified five major types: academic, for profit (business), government, non profit, and other.

Academic Archives Archives existing in [college]s, [universities], or other educational facilities are usually grouped as academic archives. Academic archives typically exist within a [library], and duties may be carried out by an [archivist] or a [librarian]. Occasionally, history professors may run a smaller academic archive. Academic archives exist to celebrate and preserve the history of their school and academic community. The inventory of an academic archive may contain items such as papers of former professors and presidents, memorabilia related to school organizations and activities, and items the academic library wishes to remain in a closed-stack setting, such as rare books or [thesis] copies. It is always a good idea to contact an academic archive before visiting, as the majority of these institutions are available by appointment only. Users of academic archives are often graduate students and those wishing to view rare or historical documents for research purposes. Many academic archives work closely with [alumni] relations to help raise funds for their library or school. Because of their library setting, a degree certified by the [American Library Association] is preferred for employment in an academic archive.

Business (For Profit) Archives Archives located in for-profit institutions are usually those owned by a private [business]. Examples of prominent business archives in the United States include [Coca-Cola] (which also owns the separate museum [World of Coca-Cola]), [Proctor and Gamble], and [Levi Strauss & Co.]. These corporate archives maintain historic documents and items related to the history of their companies. Business archives serve the purpose of helping their corporations maintain control over their [brand] by retaining memories of the company's past. Especially in business archives, [records management] is separate from the historic aspect of archives. Workers in these types of archives may have any combination of training and degrees, from either a history or library background. These archives are typically not open to the public and only used by workers of the owner company, although some will allow approved visitors by appointment. Business archives are concerned with maintaining the [integrity] of their parent company, and therefore selective of how their materials may be used.

Government Archives The category of [government] archives includes those institutions run on a local and state level as well as those run by the national (federal) government. Anyone may use a government archive, and frequent users include [reporters], [genealogists], [writers], [historians], [students], and anyone wanting more information on the history of their home or region. While it is a good idea to make an appointment before visiting government archives, at many government archives no appointment is required, as they are open to the public.

In the United States, [NARA] archives exist not only in the [District of Columbia], but regionally as well. Some city or local governments may have repositories, but their organization and accessibility varies widely. [State] or [Province] archives typically require at least a [bachelor's degree] in history for employment, although some ask for certification by test (government or association) as well.

In the UK the [National Archives] , formerly known as the Public Record Office, is the government archive for [England] and [Wales]. The [National Monuments Record] is the public archive of [English Heritage]. The [National Archives of Scotland] , located in [Edinburgh], serve that country while the [Public Record Office of Northern Ireland] in [Belfast] is the government archive for Northern Ireland.

A network of local authority-run record offices and archives exists throughout England, Wales and Scotland and holds many important collections, including local government, landed estates, church and business records. Many archives have contributed catalogues to the national Access 2 Archives programme and online searching across collections is possible .

In France, the Directorate of the Archives of France (Direction des Archives de France) in the [Minister of Culture (France)] manages the [Archives nationales (France)] (Archives nationales) which possess 364 km. (226 miles) of archives as of 2004 (the total length of occupied shelves put next to each other), with original records going as far back as A.D. [625], as well as the departmental archives (archives départementales), located in the [Prefectures in France]s of each of the 100 [departments of France] of France, which possess 1,901 km. (1,181 miles) of archives (as of 2004), and also the local city archives, about 600 in total, which possess 449 km. (279 miles) of archives (as of 2004). Put together, the total volume of archives under the supervision of the Directorate of the Archives of France is the largest in the world, a testimony to the very ancient nature of the French state which has been in existence for more than eleven centuries already.

Non-Profit Archives [Non-profit] archives include those in [List of Historical Societies], not-for-profit businesses such as hospitals, and the repositories within [Foundation (charity)]. Non-profit archives are typically set up with private funds from donors to preserve the papers and history of specific persons or places. Often these institutions rely on [grant] funding from the government as well. Depending on the funds available, non-profit archives may be as small as the historical society in a rural town to as big as a state historical society that rivals a government archives. Users of this type of archive may vary as much as the institutions that hold them. Employees of non-profit archives may be professional archivists, para-professionals, or volunteers, as the education required for a position at a non-profit archive varies with the demands of the collection's user base.

Special (other) Archives Some archives defy categorization. There are tribal archives within the [Indigenous peoples of the Americas] nations in North America, and there are archives that exist within the papers of private individuals. Many museums keep archives in order to prove the [provenance] of their pieces. Any institution or persons wishing to keep their significant papers in an organized fashion that employs the most basic principles of [archival science] may have an archive. In the 2004 census of archivists taken in the United States, 2.7% of archivists were employed in institutions that defied categorization. This was a separate figure from the 1.3% that identified themselves as self-employed.

Etymology The word archives (pronounced /{{IPA|'ɑː(ɹ}.kaɪvs-->/) is derived from the Greek arkhé meaning government or order (compare an-archy, mon-archy). The word originally developed from the Greek "arkheion" which refers to the home or dwelling of the [Archon], in which important official state documents were filed and interpreted under the authority of the Archon.

Archives in history The word "archives" can refer to any organised body of records fixed on media. The management of archives is essential for effective day-to-day organisational decision making, and even for the survival of organisations. Archives were well developed by the ancient Chinese, the ancient Greeks, and ancient Romans. Modern archival thinking has many roots in the French Revolution. The [French National Archives], who possess perhaps the largest archival collection in the world, with records going as far back as A.D. [625], were created in 1790 during the [French Revolution] from various government, religious, and private archives seized by the revolutionaries.

Footnotes

See also
  • [Archivist]
  • [Archival science]
  • [Collection (museum)]
  • [Internet Archive]
  • [List of archives]
  • [Manuscript processing]
  • [Preservation (library and archival science)]
  • [Web archiving]
  • [BS 5454]
  • [Information repository]
  • [Data proliferation]


External links
  • UNESCO Archives Portal - over 8000 links worldwide
  • International Council on Archives
  • Archives Hub — gateway to descriptions of archives held in UK universities and colleges, part of the National Archives Network
  • InterPares Project — international project on electronic records
  • Access to Archives (A2A) — the English strand of the UK archives network
  • Online-Guide to Archives around the globe
  • The National Monuments Record the public archive of [English Heritage]
  • The Changing World of Records Storage


Information Reference: Wikipedia.org


Archive

Questions and Answers

how can i conjoin 2 overlapping outlook archive files easily?

Q) ok. work network. your 'H drive' follows you round. i notice my outlook was archiving to my C drive so was in danger of losing it if anything went wrong. So i copied the pst file to my H drive, closed the old one on outlook, added the new one and set up the autoarchive settings for the new file. great. a week went by it did some auto archiving to the new file. then i used the manual archive function but forgot to change where to archive to. so it archived to the old file. So the problem is this. I have an old archive file with emails from a to b, then c to d. I have a new archive file with emails from a to b, also b to c, and then d to e again. My question is this. how can i easily get the emails from c to d off of the old archive, into the new, without doubling up on the old ones, and without having to pick individual items out? is there a program that can join two files together, which doesnt double up on any of them?

A) Sounds like you need a tidy up. Import everything, but select the option to NOT import duplicates. Then delete all the backup PST files that you have laying around. Then change the settings for where your backup lives, and create a new single master backup file. Have fun! Paul B.

How do I copy archived texts from my Nokia 6100 to nokia 6230i? There is not an archive setting on the 6230i!?

Q) I have swapped phones and the messages which I have saved in the archive section of 'messages' on the 6100 cannot be accessed on the 6230i as there is no 'archive' on this phone.

A) My only guess is that the archive feature in 6100 might have moved your messages from sim card to ur phone memory. Usually archive means that. If that is the case, then you have to copy those folders from 6100 to ur PC and then transfer it to 6230. These need either IR port or bluetooth or data cable. Try!

Archive Searching?

Q) I have a first name, An approx. age (10?) & where a person died in Wrexham in 1980. But have no idea how or where to get the full info. I think the local newspaper covered the story but I can't seem to find this out an online archive facility. I have tried a few sites but without a surname it seems pretty impossible. If anyone can suggest some way of doing this I would be very grateful. lol. Claire.

A) There is a third option: the Register of Births, Marriages and Deaths will have recorded everyone who died in the year in question, including their address at the time of death, the next of kin and what the cause of death was. You'll have as much success going through them as through the local rags.

Archive Searching?

Q) I have a first name, an approx. age(10?) & where a person died in Wrexham in circa.1980. But have no idea how or where to get the full info. I think the local newspaper covered the story (or reveiwed it some ten years after), but I cant seem to get on their online search archive. I have tried a few geneology sites but without a surname it seems pretty impossible. If anyone could suggest any way of diong this I would be very grateful. lol Claire

A) I'm afraid the only two sources are the Evening Leader offices in King Street, and the Wrexham Library - ask on the top floor in the reference section for information, because the desk downstairs is just the lending library / IT / memberships. I'm also posting the website of the Liverpool Daily Post. Hope this helps.

I cannot view a web archive file sent as an e-mail attachment?

Q) This is what I see when I try to view attachment. I've tried all browsers and programs that i have to open it but i must be missing something? MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; boundary="----=_NextPart_01C690AD.7F027FD0" This document is a Web archive file. If you are seeing this message, this means your browser or editor doesn't support Web archive files. For more information on the Web archive format, go to http://officeupdate.microsoft.com/office/webarchive.htm I have latest version of IE and firefox installed. Computer is new and up to date. I've never had problems with any other attachments before or after

A) It just menas that your browser/program is not updated enough to support it. Do what it suggests - download another browser (such as firefox, internet explorer or opera) or go to the link it specifies and do what it suggests

How can I merge archive folders in Outlook?

Q) My IT department has created too many .pst files, and I see to have archive folders all over the place. All I want is one archive folder, how can I merge them and put them in one place?

A) If you've been archiving to the same archive.pst file for a long time (e.g., since Outlook 97 came out), you might want to search your computer for all .pst files and check their sizes. If a .pst file exceeds 2GB, Outlook can't open it. The pst2gb.exe tool, which you can get from Microsoft Product Support Services (PSS), can help you recover most of your data, but you probably won't get it all back. Try to keep any .pst files well under that 2GB limit. To maintain reasonably sized .pst files, delete messages you don't need to keep, empty the Deleted Items folder regularly or automatically, and occasionally compact the .pst file to remove the empty space that remains after you delete items. To compact the .pst file, right-click your folder's top level (Outlook Today if it's your main data store), click Advanced, and click Compact Now. Unfortunately, you can't schedule the compact function or launch it from a command line. If you have an Exchange Server mailbox, you might have configured Outlook to archive data to a .pst file automatically, or you might have moved data to a .pst file for safekeeping after completing a project. Perhaps you've even burned a .pst file to a CD-R—although if you have, be aware that Outlook can't open the .pst file from the disc. Outlook requires write access to any .pst file. Therefore, to open the file, you must copy it from the CD-R to your hard disk, open the copied file's properties, and clear the read-only setting. Must you import a .pst file to access your archived Outlook data? Importing is a spectacularly bad idea because you must archive everything all over again to get the old data out of your main Outlook folders. Instead, click File, Open, Personal Folders File (in Outlook 2002, Outlook Data File), then click View, Folder List to see the entire folder hierarchy from the .pst archive.

RAR compressed archive file .....need a program so i can?

Q) i have a music file on my computer that i cannot open it tell me this RAR compressed archive file what program do i need to fix this so i can listen to the music/open the file

A) It is a file compression program called WinRAR. A trial version is available at the link below.

Yahoo Messenger .dat archive readers?

Q) What program OTHER THAN yahoo messenger opens and reads the messenger archive .dat files?

A) softpedia has quite a few, also check out Andys Archive Viewer... http://www.wackyb.co.nz/option,com_remository/Itemid,3894/func,fileinfo/id,6/ it which lets you view/search/save/print yahoo messenger archives under any ID with extra features to aid archive recovery and you don't need to be logged into yahoo messenger or even connected to the internet. It also lets you save to plain or rich text (.rtf) with or without graphic smileys (emoticons) Single dates or automated for entire ID archives. It's free for single ID use, but I have the registered version US$6.95 which lets me drag and drop .dat files into it so I don't need to fully restore complete folders if I don't want to and that way I can print / save individual conversations to share if I need to.. rather than the whole lot :)

am looking for archive footage of old television programme Ready Steady Go and Ready steady Win. Rock and roll

Q) this was an early rock and roll programme for mainly teenagers and had a lot of the bands and singers on it. RS Win was a band competition, so I don't know if there was any archive footage on it, it was televised late fifties and eary sixties and went on for some time.

A) I know the programme you mean - the BBC showed re-runs of it several years ago. If you look on You Tube you can find some clips, but these are usually of individual bands like the Beatles - I've not come across any whole episodes. Amazon sell some Ready Steady Go Videos, but I'm not sure if those are whole episodes either, or just highlights.

itv this morning program archive?

Q) is there any way to watch this morning program or to find the archive of itv this morning i would like to know how to find itv this morning recently shown programs specially the ones shown on the 24th of june 2006 or the one on 25th of june 2006

A) I doubt you'd get an Archive on the web but I was recently on the radio in Dublin and got onto the station themselves to email me the show which they did.

How can i archive my e-mail using Microsoft outlook?

Q) it seem easy. but i can't just do it.i follow the following ways. file>archive> and i check archive this folder and sub folder then i select personal folder then. i leave the default path for saving archive file. then ok. i see archiving . when i open back archive file. nothing inside, and the e-mail that i archive also still inside the personal folder. why?

A) Double check the date that is set by the form..it defaults to one year old items...if your email items are more recent than that you will archive nothing. Also, check what folder is selected, if you do not select the folder(s) that have your items in they won't archive.

Messenger Archive?

Q) My previous archive was located on a computer that is busted. The old archive folder was placed on my current system, but even though I took the old archive and placed it in the same location as the current archive I still can not gain access- what am I doing wrong? Or what do I need to do to re-gain access? Any suggestions? There is not garbled words etc....just not showing up-non-existent pls help!

A) hi :) don't give up... its perhaps a simple path issue :) I'm not sure what you mean by can't gain access them though so i'm going to wing it *blush* archives are encrypted and stored as .dat files at... C:\ Program Files\ Yahoo!\ Messenger\ Profiles \yahoo ID \ Archive\ Messages so long as they go back to the exact same directory location as they originated from (re the path) then you can move them about as you like when you like. the most common cause for them not being available after a merge/move is the path is incorrect. if you haven't already started archiving on your new computer your best bet is to grab the entire Yahoo! ID directory (inside Profiles) and copy that across to your new one.. if you have started archiving and have duplicate dates one will overwrite the other though if you can view your archives but they are jumbled text (still encrypted) then that points to a Yahoo! ID / Path issue... the archives can only be read and decrypted from the folder that they originated.. this includes alias ID conversations as well as they must be restored back to the Default ID directory. your best bet might be to compare the two archives (outside of yahoo messenger) put them each in their own folder then bring them up side by side across your monitor... make sure all the paths, directories and folders are exactly the same... start with a copy of your full Profiles folder from each (old and new) and work your way through... you should be able to spot where it has gone wrong :) best of luck :)

IM Archives: How do you retrieve deleted archive messages?

Q) I've been saving my archive messages for over 3 months now. For some reason the messages have been erased. I have not made any changes to profile or anything else. How can the messages just get erased? The last time in was in IM was on Monday morning around 5A.M. When I went back to check my archive messges they were gone..like deleted. What happened?

A) The only possible way to retrieve them now is to go back and do the following: 1. Start 2.All programs 3.Accessories 4. System Tools 5. System Restore You have to go to system restore and choose the date which you had the settings that you want. Example, the messages got deleted today, I want them back, so i go to system restore and put the date back to yesterday. Everything will go on my pc exactly the way it was yesterday. Means any new programs I got today will al be deleted, everything will be the same as the way you had it.

Msg archive on yahoo mail?

Q) How do I open the msg archive in yahoo mail? I've had a conversation in yahoo mail but I dont know how to open the msg archive there. I saw someone else reading their msg archive in yahoo mail. So it is possible.

A) In Yahoo Mail. Message Archive is through the use of Personel Folders in your email box. To have an Archive you have to make it yourself. By Moving messages into the Folders.

Any ways to extract/edit archive files on my ftp without downloading it?

Q) My admin panel doesnt have any programme/script like that. But i want to extract some archive files (for e.g. *rar, *r01, *zip etc..) and i want to re-archive it new files. is that possible? i've heard of some scripts can extract some archives. but i need to extract and re-archive split-archives with/without passwords but i don't want to download that file. for example web site A has a file named a.part1.rar and a.part2.rar. and My web site is B. I can get file to my server with some php based scripts. as; a.part1.rar,a.part2.rar and i can rename them to: b.part1.rar,b.part2.rar...but it has a link to web site A and i dont want it :) how can i remove that A.url from that a.part1.rar file?

A)

archive help?

Q) my computer only has word perfect (corel) instead of any microsoft word. When I am archiving the messenger, I notice that they are saved under the notepad and it is not saving it to the word pad or wordperfect. Is there anyone that can tell me how to change the settings on my computer to make sure that all archive files are saved under the correct format that way I can open them up and read them when necessary? I NEED help, I have tried everything and cant get it to work correctly. Thanks

A) Hi, Check out WackyB-Archive Viewer: http://www.wackyb.co.nz/yahoo/archive_viewer Lets you view/search/save/print yahoo messenger archives under any ID with extra features to aid archive recovery. It will let you save ALL the messages from any ID with or without graphic smileys as rich text format (.rtf) viewable in most wordprocessing applications including the free wordpad (Ensure your archives are switched on Ctrl-Shift-P, select Archive, select Save all of my messages)

archive in gmail account?

Q) After I read an email, and want to save it, but not constantly see it in my inbox, I thought I was supposed to hit the archive button, but then how do I ever see them again? I can't figure out how to access the archive :-(

A) Just click on the "all mail" button/link to the left (about 4 or 5 down from the inbox link) - that shows all archived and new mail so you can see everything! Hope that helps!

how can i move my message archive to an other id,s archive?

Q) several days ago i have changed my id,s password when i changed it the wizard accepted my new password but when i signed out to resign in the password was wrong and also this id is to old and i fogot the informatin and i cant register new password the most important thing in that id was my archive i moved my archive to new id,s archive but it doesen support it i want you to help me to find a way to move the archive to the new one thank you very much ali

A) LOL – providing instruction for this is making probably everybody feel bit uneasy as it would allow spying on someone when having physical access to PC w/o having password to account. Anyway when changing password disable all anty viruses, anty spywares, pop up blockers etc (particularly Microsoft Window Defender – prime suspect). This should allow you to change password and log with it without any further problems. Once logged to name in Massage archive window click “Massage” and than “save”. This will allow you to save all archives to text file and move it on PC as pleased.

Archive Yahoo Groups messages - shareware?

Q) My old Yahoo Groups messages are disappearing from the web archive. Apparently, this is due to a Yahoo policy that deletes messages over 4 years old. I need a utility or process that will save or archive or bulk-email the messages before they expire.

A) No yahoo doesn't clean up the archives. I have mine from day one in 1998. but the owner can go in and clean up and delete what ever he wants. It may be a temporary thing at yahoo, check back in a few days, the best way to save them is receive the digest and save them as they come :)

How to find Yahoo archive .dat files when using Windows Limited account?

Q) When I'm using Windows XP Administrative Account I am able to locate my .dat files in C:/programfiles/Yahoo!/Messenger/Profiles/Username/Archive/Messages/username, No problems there. But when I logged in as a Windows Limited Account user and chat on Yahoo, I cannot find archived .dat files anywhere. However I can view all archived messages just fine going to "Contacts" --> "Message Archive". I just want to locate my .dat files for back up purposes. I'm only having problems locating them when I'm using the Limited Account. Please help!

A) Thank you Joshua for your answer. I decided to try one more time to do a simple search for the files using date-Yahoo ID.dat (example: 20070420-jent.dat) and for some reason this time I found them! The .dat files created in Yahoo Messenger while logged in as a Windows Limited Account user are in: C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\Yahoo!\Messenger\Profiles \Yahoo ID\Archive\Messages

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